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How does it work?

The story behind solid oxide technology

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology

We believe combustion engines should be confined to the history books. When fuel is combusted, it emits harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases, whereas electrochemical conversion using fuel cell technology directly converts fuel into electricity and heat with low-to-zero emissions.

In a solid oxide fuel cell, air is supplied to the air electrode (cathode) and fuel to the fuel electrode (anode). When air comes in contact with the air electrode, oxygen ions are formed and transported through the dense, solid electrolyte. On the other side of the cell, the hydrogen-containing fuel gas sweeps over the surface of the fuel electrode and reacts with oxygen ions, producing electricity, heat, and steam.

How does a solid oxide fuel cell work?

  1. Fuel and air are supplied to the anode (fuel electrode) and cathode (air electrode).
  2. Oxygen ions pass through the solid electrolyte and react with the fuel.
  3. Electrochemical reactions produce electricity and heat.

Solid Oxide Electrolysis Technology


In solid oxide electrolysis, electricity derived from renewable sources is used to split steam into gaseous hydrogen and oxygen according to the reaction H₂O → H₂ + ½O₂

Electrolysis reaction occurs in an electrolysis cell, where hydrogen is produced at the cathode and oxygen at the anode.A solid ceramic electrolytes is used both to separate the gases and to facilitate the transport of ions necessary for the electrochemical reactions. Hydrogen production capacity can be increased by connecting multiple electrolysis cells in
series to form a stack.

Did you know that not all hydrogen is created equal?

Its production methods, from fossil fuels to renewable energy, have very different impacts on carbon emissions:

Grey Hydrogen is produced through steam methane reforming, which is the most common form of hydrogen production. It generates a significant amount of CO₂ emissions.
Brown Hydrogen is made from coal gasification, producing even higher CO₂ emissions than grey hydrogen, making it one of the most carbon-intensive forms of hydrogen.
Blue Hydrogen is derived from natural gas through steam reforming, with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology used to reduce CO₂ emissions.
Turquoise Hydrogen is produced through methane pyrolysis, which splits natural gas into hydrogen and solid carbon, reducing CO₂ emissions compared to grey and brown hydrogen.
Pink Hydrogen is hydrogen produced through the electrolysis of water using electricity generated from nuclear power.
Green Hydrogen is produced through electrolysis of water using renewable energy sources like solar or wind power, resulting in zero carbon emissions.